ArticlePediatric health, medicine and therapeutics2025
Regional Disparities and Maternal Sociodemographic Determinants of Full Immunization Coverage Among Children Aged 12-23 Months in Nigeria: Insights from NDHS 2018.
Article in Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Geospatial variations in the prevalence of children missing out of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccination in Nigeria: estimates from multiple household surveys.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Spatial variation and determinants of hepatitis B birth dose vaccination in Nigeria: a population-based study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of cervical cancer screening among women aged 30-49 years in Nigeria: A population-based cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Reframing vaccine narrative: a co-production study of a media campaign intervention to address childhood vaccine hesitancy among Nigerian parents and caregivers.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Northern-Southern Inequalities in COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria: A Multivariate Decomposition Analysis.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Barriers and Disparities in Maternal and Child Vaccination Coverage in Galmudug State, Somalia: A Descriptive Study.Sage open pediatricsArticle
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Childhood immunization is crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. Despite global efforts, Nigeria faces persistently low immunization uptake with significant regional and socioeconomic disparities. This study investigated the prevalence, regional disparities, and sociodemographic determinants of full immunization coverage among children aged 12-23 months in Nigeria. Methods: This secondary analysis utilized data from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), focusing on 2453 mothers with children aged 12-23 months. Full immunization coverage was defined per World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of coverage. Results: Only 26% of children were fully immunized nationwide. Marked regional disparities were observed, with the North West (13%) and North East (18%) exhibiting the lowest rates, while the South East (42%) and South South (41%) had the highest. Multivariable analysis revealed that maternal education, household wealth, and region of residence were significant predictors. Children of mothers with higher education were more likely to be fully immunized (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.10-3.18, p = 0.022), as were those from the richest households compared to the poorest (AOR: 3.20, 95% CI: 1.95-5.25, p < 0.001). Children in the South East (AOR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.16-3.46, p = 0.013) and South South (AOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 0.99-3.02, p = 0.052) also showed significantly higher odds of full immunization compared to the North West. Conclusion: Full immunization coverage in Nigeria remains critically low, driven by pronounced regional and socioeconomic inequities. Targeted interventions focusing on improving maternal education, expanding equitable healthcare access in underserved regions, and providing financial support to low-income families are essential. Policy efforts must prioritize these vulnerable groups to enhance child health outcomes and achieve universal immunization coverage in Nigeria.
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