ArticleFrontiers in antibiotics2025
Temporal dynamics of antimicrobial resistance gene abundances in chicken manure and anaerobic digestate.
Article in Frontiers in antibiotics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion Amended with Micro-Aeration and/or Sound Treatment on the Resistome and Virulence Factor Gene Profiles in Poultry Litter.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance genes in weaned pigs: quantitative abundance and group dynamics assessed by qPCR.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can spread in microorganisms through the transfer of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Livestock husbandry is one of the pathways for AMR emergence and transmission. Chicken manure contains valuable nutrients for agricultural field fertilization and can be used as input material for biogas production by anaerobic digestion (AD). However, usually, chicken manure also contains quite high levels of ARGs. In this study, we investigated the presence and temporal dynamics of ARGs against different antibiotic classes in chicken manure and anaerobic digestate as a source of AMR spread. Methods: To get an overview of the ARG profiles, we quantified the abundances of 374 ARGs by high-throughput (HT)-PCR. We studied eight selected ARGs ( Results: Chicken manure showed higher amounts of ARGs compared to digestate, which was characterized by a higher ARG diversity. We observed that the effect of chicken age differed between the flocks. ARG abundances in digestate from different time points and different treatment conditions did not exhibit major changes. Conclusion: The flocks' variability had no relevant effect on ARG abundances in chicken manure, likely due to similar growth conditions. However, manure ARG content increased with the age of the chickens. In our experimental batch setup, AD was more effective in reducing AMR microorganisms than reducing ARGs. Further investigations on process optimization or the application of pre-treatment methods could enhance ARG reduction. Notably, pre-mixing chicken manure with material from a biogas plant prior to processing resulted in a lower ARG load compared to untreated chicken manure.
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