Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40654167›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical nursing2026

Nurses' Insights on the Braden Scale and Their Vision for Artificial Intelligence Innovations: A Mixed Methods Study.

Tuba Sengul, Holly Kirkland-Kyhn, Dilek Yilmaz Akyaz, Tugba Cevizci

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical nursing, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Tuba SengulSchool of Nursing, Koç University, İstanbul, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-2016
Holly Kirkland-KyhnBetty Irene School of Nursing Sacramento, UC Davis, Davis, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-9088
Dilek Yilmaz AkyazKoç University Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-3176
Tugba CevizciKoç University Hospital, İstanbul, Türkiye.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1609-0528

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsThis study aimed to explore nurses' experiences with the Braden Scale, assess their readiness for artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, and understand the innovations they envision for clinical practice.

designExplanatory sequential mixed design.

methodsThe study included 118 nurses in the quantitative data and 42 in focus groups. Quantitative data were collected using the MAIRS-MS. Qualitative data were analysed using phenomenological approaches and MAXQDA.

resultsThe average age was 33.38 ± 7.42 years and 88.1% were women. The average length of professional experience is 11.66 ± 8.22 years. The average time to administer the Braden Scale was 5.02 ± 4.36 min. While 55.1% of the participants found the Braden Scale inadequate, 55.9% stated that a more comprehensive risk assessment scale was needed and the MAIRS-MS score was 78.48 ± 16.66. The sub-themes were identified: Simple and quick applicability, early risk identification, validity and reliability issues, neglecting other risk factors, making it more comprehensive and specific, developing of a new risk assessment scale, technological improvements, patient data treasure chest, creating avatars and converting speech-to-text.

conclusionsThis study highlights critical gaps in the Braden Scale's effectiveness. Nurses identified significant shortcomings, including non-specificity and the neglect of key risk factors, which undermine its utility in clinical settings. They emphasised that stronger risk predictions and personalised care plans can be achieved by AI technology. IMPLICATIONS FOR PROFESSIONAL CARE: This study emphasises the need to revise the Braden Scale or develop a new one due to its limitations in risk assessment, providing crucial information to improve patient care and offering new perspectives on AI integration in PI risk assessment for nursing practice. IMPACT: This study highlights nurses' experiences and suggestions for improving the Braden Scale in clinical practice, emphasising their expectations for AI technology and its potential to revolutionise patient care. REPORTING

methodThe study report was prepared following the Good Reporting of A Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceAttitude of Health PersonnelNursing AssessmentNursing Staff, HospitalAdultFemaleFocus GroupsHumansQualitative ResearchRisk Assessmentartificial intelligenceBraden scaleinnovationnursesreadiness

Identifiers

PMID40654167
PMCPMC13569125

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.