Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40654031›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental microbiology reports2025

Freshwater Discharge and Salinity Drive Taxonomic and Functional Turnover of Microbial Communities in a Turbid Macrotidal Estuary.

Luz Amadei Martínez, Koen Sabbe, Sofie D'hondt, Renaat Dasseville, Ilse Daveloose, Tine Verstraete, Peter Chaerle, Natacha Brion, Tom Maris, Patrick Meire and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental microbiology reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Luz Amadei MartínezLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5960-7972
Koen SabbeLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5163-5581
Sofie D'hondtLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2128-0553
Renaat DassevilleLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-2651
Ilse DavelooseLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Tine VerstraeteLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Peter ChaerleLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8216-0299
Natacha BrionDepartment of Archeology, Environmental Change and Geochemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3021-1445
Tom MarisECOSPHERE Research Group, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-6771
Patrick MeireECOSPHERE Research Group, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-5350
Wim VyvermanLaboratory of Protistology and Aquatic Ecology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0850-2569

Funding

De Vlaamse Waterweg nvEMBRC Belgium - FWO international research infrastructure I001621N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The drivers of spatiotemporal changes in microorganism's functional community structure remain poorly understood. Using DNA-amplicon sequencing we studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of bacterial and eukaryotic microbial communities in the freshwater and brackish tidal reaches of the Schelde estuary (Belgium) from 2018 to 2021. Our analyses revealed pronounced seasonal and longitudinal turnover in autotrophic and heterotrophic microbiota, mainly driven by changes in freshwater discharge, which modulate the salinity and turbidity gradient. Higher discharge in early spring led to a more uniform community composition across the estuary, with higher relative abundances of heterotrophic eukaryotes. As discharge decreased in late spring, the salinity gradient and associated turnover in community composition became more accentuated, with Actinomycetota and diatoms dominating the upstream reaches, and ciliates, fungi and marine bacteria being relatively more important downstream from the maximum turbidity zone (MTZ). This study revealed fine-scale turnover in (semi)cryptic phytoplankton taxa and spatiotemporal changes in parasitism linked to bloom termination. High discharge due to exceptionally heavy rainfall resulted in the disruption of the phytoplankton bloom, more downstream spreading of freshwater species and a decline in brackish and polyhaline species. These results emphasise the intricate link between hydrodynamics and microbial community dynamics and ecological functions in estuarine ecosystems.

Indexed as

BacteriaEstuariesFresh WaterMicrobiotaSalinityBelgiumFungiPhytoplanktonSeasons16S18Sbacteriametabarcodingmonitoringprotist

Identifiers

PMID40654031
PMCPMC12256932

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.