Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40652217›Full record

Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2025

Esketamine prevents carboprost-induced adverse reactions during cesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia: a double-blind, randomized trial.

Feng Zhou, Qingling Ma, Fanqing Meng, Han Bao, Wei Liu, Guangfen Zhang, Yue Tian

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Feng ZhouDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, P.R. China.
Qingling MaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Fanqing MengDepartment of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Han BaoDepartment of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Wei LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Guangfen ZhangDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China. wfzhgf87@126.com.
Yue TianDepartment of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, P.R. China. tianyue_sj@163.com.

Funding

Jinan Science and Technology Project 202134071Shandong Medical Health Science and Technology Project 202318001388
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo investigate adverse reactions to carboprost reduced by intravenous esketamine administered after childbirth via cesarean delivery with the patient under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia.

methodsThe study enrolled pregnant women aged 20-40 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class II or III, and a gestational age of 37 weeks or more. These women had a scheduled cesarean section procedure with the administration of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Patients were randomized to receive esketamine 0.5 mg/kg (Group E) or volume-matched normal saline (Group C) immediately after fetal delivery, prior to carboprost administration (250 µg intramuscularly). The primary outcome was the incidence of vomiting during surgery. The secondary outcomes were the incidence of adverse reactions (nausea, chest rigidity, flushed face, tachycardia, cough, shivering), vital signs (HR, RR, MAP, SPO

resultsEighty-one pregnant women completed the study. The incidence of vomiting (22.5% vs. 56.1%, p < 0.001) and the incidence of nausea, chest rigidity, flushed face, and hypertension were significantly lower in group E than in group C (all p < 0.01), but the incidence of tachycardia was higher in group E (45% vs. 19.5%, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the patients' arterial partial pressure of oxygen was significantly higher in group E than in group C (91.90 ± 5.14 vs. 79.76 ± 3.96, p < 0.001). Postoperative pain at the incision site, as assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, was significantly reduced at 6 h in the Esketamine group compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in uterine contraction pain between the two groups at any time point.

conclusionFor women undergoing cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, intravenous esketamine administered after delivery of the fetus and prior to carboprost administration during cesarean section under combined spinal - epidural anesthesia was associated with a reduction in the incidence of carboprost - induced adverse reactions and a decrease in postoperative incision pain at 6 h. However, it did not significantly affect postoperative uterine contraction pain.

trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number# ChiCTR2100054985); Date of Registration: 30/12/2021.

Indexed as

Anesthesia, EpiduralAnesthesia, ObstetricalAnesthesia, SpinalCarboprostCesarean SectionKetamineAdultDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansPostoperative Nausea and VomitingPostoperative PainPregnancyYoung AdultCarboprostEsketamineKetamineCarboprostCesarean sectionCombined spinal and epidural anesthesiaEsketamine

Identifiers

PMID40652217
PMCPMC12255002

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.