ArticleJournal of plant research2025
A natural 294-bp indel in the VviHKT1;1 proximal promoter influences the salt resistance of VviHKT1;1-overexpressing Arabidopsis.
Article in Journal of plant research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
VviHKT1;1, a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family, is a major quantitative trait locus responsible for limitation of Na+ accumulation in grape leaves. However, the regulatory mechanism of VviHKT1;1 remains largely unexplored. In this study, VviHKT1;1 transcript profile was analyzed under salt stress conditions, revealing distinct expression patterns among different cultivars. Furthermore, the promoter region of VviHKT1;1 was isolated from grape varieties with differential salt tolerance and a natural 294-bp InDel (insertion/deletion) in the VviHKT1;1 proximal promoter, named pVviHKT1;1In and pVviHKT1;1Del was found. Compared to pVviHKT1;1Del::GUS, pVviHKT1;1In::GUS exhibited stronger activity of GUS in the above-ground tissues of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana under both normal and salt stress conditions. Overexpression of VviHKT1;1 driven by either pVviHKT1;1In or pVviHKT1;1Del in A. thaliana significantly enhanced the salt resistance by reducing Na+ content in roots and shoots. Furtherly, the VviHKT1;1 promoter containing the 294-bp insertion demonstrated a significant upregulation of VviHKT1;1 transcription level in stems of VviHKT1;1-overexpressing A. thaliana compared to the 294-bp deletion under both control and salt stress conditions. This facilitated the distribution of a greater amount of Na+ into the stems, thereby more effectively limiting the sodium flux to the flowers. As the result, transgenic Arabidopsis plants with pVviHKT1;1In::VviHKT1;1 exhibited better growth, accompanied by significantly increased stem height and number of seed pods compared to the transgenic lines of pVviHKT1;1Del::VviHKT1;1. Collectively, the natural 294-bp InDel in VviHKT1;1 promoter might modulate the Na+ distribution in above-ground tissues, thereby influencing plant salt tolerance.
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