Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40651951›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Dynamic atomic-scale electron avalanche breakdown in solid dielectrics.

Jian Wang, Zhong-Hui Shen, Wei Li, Run-Lin Liu, Yu-Lin Duan, Yang Shen, Han-Xing Liu, Ce-Wen Nan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jian WangState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Zhong-Hui ShenState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China. zhshen@whut.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-0397
Wei LiSchool of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Run-Lin LiuSchool of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Yu-Lin DuanSchool of Materials and Microelectronics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Yang ShenSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-0629
Han-Xing LiuState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Center of Smart Materials and Devices, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China. lhxhp@whut.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8625-4866
Ce-Wen NanSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. cwnan@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-6403

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electron avalanche breakdown plays a pivotal role in determining the efficiency and reliability of semiconductors and insulators in micro-nanoelectronics and power systems. However, it still remains challenging to understand and control this transient non-equilibrium process. Here, we propose and demonstrate an atomic-scale electron avalanche breakdown model to investigate the dynamic behaviors of excited electrons under extremely high electric fields in various dielectrics ranging from simple oxides to perovskites. Using high-throughput calculations, we establish the relationship maps between ionization energy, bond energy, electron mean free path and breakdown strength, and then excavate their mathematical expressions. On this basis, a high-entropy strategy in BaTiO

Identifiers

PMID40651951
PMCPMC12255671

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.