Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40651552›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of pediatrics2025

Developmental Readiness for Complementary Feeding: Associations with Initiation Before Age 6 Months.

Diane L Putnick, Akhgar Ghassabian, Priscilla K Clayton, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Edwina H Yeung

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Diane L PutnickEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address: putnickd@mail.nih.gov.
Akhgar GhassabianDepartments of Pediatrics, Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Priscilla K ClaytonEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Rajeshwari SundaramBiostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Edwina H YeungEpidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.

Funding

Infertility Treatment, Child Growth and Development Through Age Three YearsZIAHD008826 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI YEUNG, EDWINA · 2009 to 2025
$9.4M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 HD999999Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HD008826NICHD NIH HHS HHSN267200700019CNICHD NIH HHS HHSN275201200005C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate whether parents who assess their infants as more developmentally advanced are more likely to begin feeding their infants complementary foods before 6 months, and whether developmental readiness explains racial and ethnic differences in complementary food introduction. STUDY

designIn a cohort of mothers of 5475 infants from New York state, 9 markers of infant development and timing of initiating complementary feeding were assessed. Mixed effect models assessed associations between developmental markers and initiation of complementary feeding before 6 months term-corrected age. Direct and indirect effects of racial and ethnic differences in complementary feeding through a total development score were computed.

resultsIn a fully adjusted model, infant sitting (aOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.93), head control (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.81), reaching (aOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.37), mouthing (aOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.46), and having a good appetite (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.15, 2.24) were uniquely associated with complementary feeding before age 6 months. A 1-point increase in a total development score was also associated with higher odds of complementary feeding (aOR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.33). The development score explained some racial and ethnic differences in the odds of complementary feeding before 6 months.

conclusionsResults suggest that parents are using their children's developmental markers to decide when to begin complementary feeding. Furthermore, observations of racial and ethnic differences in the timing of complementary feeding may be explained by perceptions of developmental readiness, in line with recommendations. Future research on complementary feeding should incorporate assessments of infant developmental readiness.

Indexed as

Child DevelopmentFeeding BehaviorInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfantMaleNew Yorkcomplementary feedinginfant developmentrace and ethnic differences

Identifiers

PMID40651552
PMCPMC12337793

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.