ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
Divergent Delivery and Expression Kinetics of Lipid and Polymeric Nanoparticles across mRNA Modalities.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- From RNA design to delivery: Computational strategies for functional RNA therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2027Review
- Sindbis virus self-amplifying replicon is compatible with modified nucleotides mediating expression and vaccine responsesMolecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Research Progress, Application, and Industrialization Prospects of Circular RNA Vaccines in Viral Diseases.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Enhanced efficacy of a next-generation EEEV self-replicating RNA platform for combination cancer immunotherapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Divergent Delivery and Expression Kinetics of Lipid and Polymeric Nanoparticles across mRNA Modalities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based therapies, including conventional linear mRNA (linRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and self-amplifying RNA (saRNA), are being developed not only for vaccination but also for protein replacement, gene editing, and regenerative medicine. However, these mRNA modalities differ in structure and function, and their interactions with current non-viral delivery systems influence their therapeutic efficacy. Here, the in vivo expression kinetics of linRNA, circRNA, and saRNA delivered via lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) or bioreducible poly(cystamine bisacrylamide-co-4-amino-1-butanol) (pABOL) polymer are systematically evaluated. At 0.5 µg, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV)-based saRNA resulted in higher total luciferase expression than 5 µg of linRNA or circRNA highlighting its superior potency. LNPs significantly enhanced expression of non-amplifying mRNAs compared to pABOL, whereas pABOL delivery of saRNA yielded a ∼2-fold improvement over LNPs. Furthermore, saRNAs derived from New World alphaviruses expressed 2-6 times more protein than Old World saRNAs when delivered with LNPs; these differences are not observed with pABOL. These findings demonstrate that mRNA modality, saRNA genotype, and delivery platform interact to determine therapeutic protein output. This study provides actionable insights for optimizing mRNA-based therapeutics across diverse clinical applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.