ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
The Relationship Between Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron (NTBI), Labile Plasma Iron (LPI), and Iron Toxicity.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emerging Role of Ferroptosis in Chemotherapy-Associated Hepatorenal Toxicity: Mechanistic Insights and Toxicological Perspectives.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Green Tea Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Prolongs Red Blood Cell Survival in Iron-Overloaded β-Thalassemic Mice.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Iron Overload: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Monitoring.International journal of laboratory hematology · 2026Review
- Associative Analysis of lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA Expression Profiles in Iron-Overloaded HT-1080 Fibrosarcoma Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Review
- Ferroptosis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Shared Mechanisms and Disease-Specific Signatures.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From Iron Deficiency to Overload: A Missing Link in the Mechanisms of Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Reexamining the Role of Amyloid β Clearance from the Brain: Exporting Labile Iron from the Interstitial Fluid Performs a Protective Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in Ischemic Stroke: Insights from Natural Product Treatment and Future Directions.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Metabolomic Investigation of Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Multiple Myeloma, and Homozygous β-Thalassemia.Cells · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plasma non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) comprises multiple subspecies, classified by their composition, chemical reactivity, and susceptibility to chelation. The redox-active and chelatable fraction of NTBI is referred to as labile plasma iron (LPI). The pathophysiological significance of NTBI and LPI lies in their ability to enter cells via alternative transport pathways that are not regulated by the transferrin receptor system or by cellular iron levels. Several mechanisms have been proposed for their cellular entry, including the hijacking of divalent metal transporters and passive diffusion. This unregulated uptake can lead to iron accumulation in vulnerable tissues such as the liver and the heart. NTBI and LPI bypassing normal cellular control mechanisms can rapidly exceed the cell's capacity to safely store excess iron, leading to toxicity. Both NTBI and LPI contribute to oxidative stress by participating in free-radical-generating reactions. However, LPI concentration in the bloodstream may be differentially affected by the mode and extent of iron overload, the presence of residual serum iron-binding activity, and the antioxidant capacity of individual sera. In summary, both NTBI and LPI contribute to iron-mediated toxicity but differ in terms of reactivity, availability, and pathogenic potential depending on the pathophysiological conditions that influence the degree of toxicity.
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Registered trials
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