ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Rhein Inhibits Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Damage of Alzheimer's Disease via Regulating the Glutamine-Aspartate-Arginine-NO Metabolic Pathway.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuroprotective effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Emodin and the Anthraquinone Scaffold: Therapeutic Promise and Strategies to Overcome Translational Barriers.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Advances and Therapeutic Potential of Anthraquinone Compounds in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a key driver of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, microglia are activated and trigger an increased secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Rhein, an anthraquinone compound extracted from rhubarb, has been shown to reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-1β in activated microglia. However, the mechanism of rhein on microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and neuronal damage in AD remains unclear. In this study, we found that rhein improved behavioral abnormalities in AD rats and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, iNOS, and NO in the brain of AD rats. In the LPS-induced microglial model, rhein significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory factors to improve neuroinflammation. Untargeted metabolomics showed that the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism occurred in M1 microglia. Targeted metabolomics and
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