Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40650139›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Applications of Limonene in Neoplasms and Non-Neoplastic Diseases.

Katarzyna Rakoczy, Natalia Szymańska, Jakub Stecko, Michał Kisiel, Monika Maruszak, Michał Niedziela, Julita Kulbacka

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Antifungal Effects ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Katarzyna RakoczyFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0978-8266
Natalia SzymańskaFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6221-7094
Jakub SteckoFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1427-3742
Michał KisielFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7646-2354
Monika MaruszakFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
Michał NiedzielaFaculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
Julita KulbackaDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-8272-5440

Funding

Statutory Funds of Wroclaw Medical University SUBZ.D260.25.027.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plants produce an extensive repertoire of secondary metabolites, developed over evolutionary time to support survival. Among these, D-limonene, a monoterpene exuded by citrus fruits, has demonstrated a broad range of pharmacological activities. This review elucidates limonene's biological versatility, spanning antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and gastroprotective domains. Synthesizing data from both preclinical and early-phase clinical research, we explore its molecular mechanisms, ranging from reactive oxygen species mitigation and apoptosis induction to metabolic remodeling and neurotransmitter modulation. Special attention is given to limonene's emerging role in oncological therapeutics, notably in breast and liver cancers, and its capacity to ameliorate pathophysiological hallmarks of diabetes and neurodegeneration. Its low toxicity and high bioavailability support its potential as a safe adjunct or alternative in phytotherapy. This review advocates for continued investigation into limonene's translational potential across a spectrum of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases.

Indexed as

LimoneneNeoplasmsAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsHumansAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsLimonenebreast cancerdiabetes mellitushepatocellular carcinomalimoneneneurodegenerative diseases

Identifiers

PMID40650139
PMCPMC12249727

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.