Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40649969›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Enhancement of 3-MA in Paclitaxel Treatment of MDA-MB-231 Tumor-Bearing Nude Mice and Its Mechanisms.

Jing Wang, Zhe Xiong, Yaowen Liu, Muhammad Ameen Jamal, Xia Wang, Chang Yang, Ziyi Gu, Xiaojing Chen, Jingjing Xiong, Yubo Qing and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jing WangYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6846-6892
Zhe XiongYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.ORCID 0000-0003-3715-9501
Yaowen LiuYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Muhammad Ameen JamalYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9575-5999
Xia WangYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Chang YangYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Ziyi GuYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Xiaojing ChenYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.ORCID 0009-0001-5388-7552
Jingjing XiongYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Yubo QingYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Honghui LiYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Kaixiang XuYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6665-3360
Hong-Jiang WeiYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Hong-Ye ZhaoYunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.

Funding

Major Science and Technology Project, Yunnan Province 202102AA100054National Natural Science Foundation of China 81872452
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant challenges due to its high aggressiveness, poor prognosis, and the lack of effective targeted therapies. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in the treatment of TNBC; however, its efficacy is often compromised by drug resistance mediated by autophagy. This study investigated the synergistic effects of the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and PTX in a TNBC nude mouse model. Monitoring tumor volume and employing HE staining, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy revealed that PTX monotherapy induced tumor autophagy, characterized by the accumulation of LC3B/VPS34 proteins and an increase in autophagosomes. However, the co-administration of 3-MA reversed this process, significantly decreasing the tumor growth rate. Immunofluorescence and qPCR demonstrated that the combination group had fewer Ki-67-positive cells and more Caspase-3-positive cells, along with upregulated expression of autophagy-related genes and Caspase-family apoptosis genes. Consequently, this study suggests that inhibiting autophagy with 3-MA disrupts the autophagy-mediated protective mechanism of tumor cells, promoting the activation of apoptotic signals and enhancing the antitumor activity of PTX. These findings may offer new molecular mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic strategies for overcoming PTX resistance in TNBC.

Indexed as

AdeninePaclitaxelTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsAnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicApoptosisAutophagyCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationDrug SynergismFemaleHumansMiceMice, NudeXenograft Model Antitumor Assays3-methyladenineAdenineAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicPaclitaxel3-MAautophagyMDA-MB-231paclitaxeltriple-negative breast cancer

Identifiers

PMID40649969
PMCPMC12249906

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.