Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40648602›Full record

ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder as a Mediating Variable for Invalid Baseline Profiles on the ImPACT.

Andre Petrossian, Louise A Kelly, Rachel N Casas, Jennifer M Twyford, Michael A McCrea, Thomas McAllister, Steven P Broglio, Holly Benjamin, Thomas Buckley, Stefan Duma and 8 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Andre PetrossianGraduate School of Psychology, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA.
Louise A KellyDepartment of Exercise Science, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1013-5024
Rachel N CasasGraduate School of Psychology, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA.
Jennifer M TwyfordGraduate School of Psychology, California Lutheran University, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA.
Michael A McCreaDepartments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Thomas McAllisterDepartment of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Steven P BroglioMichigan Concussion Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Holly BenjaminDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Thomas BuckleyDepartment of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0515-0150
Stefan DumaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Joshua GoldmanDepartment of Family Medicine and Orthopedics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
April HoyDepartment of Athletics, School of Behavioral and Applied Sciences, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, USA.
Jonathan JacksonDepartment of Family Medicine, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO 80840, USA.
Thomas KaminskiDepartment of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0924-0978
Christina MasterDivision of Pediatric Orthopedics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Christopher MilesDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3460-3980
Nicholas PortSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Adam SusmarskiDepartment of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD 21402, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3698-4163

Funding

NCAA and DOD W81XWH-14-2-0151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals with ADHD may perform poorly on tasks targeting executive functioning skills such as the ImPACT, which requires the test-taker to employ judgement in non-routine situations Objective: To determine whether ADHD serves as a mediating variable for increasing the likelihood of an invalid score. MATERIALS AND

methodsA total of 39,140 collegiate athletes and United States military cadets consented to the Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium study. Participants completed the CARE Baseline Packet which included various sections through which study participants provide self-report data, including demographic, personal, and family history sections. The personal history portion of the CARE Baseline Packet addressed the participant's neurological history, including self-reported diagnosis of ADHD and history of traumatic brain injury. Variables utilized for the current study included age, gender, race, ethnicity, the participant's primary college sport, use of mouthguards for athletes competing in sports requiring them, and the presence of an ADHD diagnosis. Participants responded to a question, inquiring if they had ever been diagnosed by a medical professional with ADHD, ultimately producing a dichotomous yes/no response.

resultsWe found that participants with ADHD were more likely to produce invalid baseline scores (

conclusionsOur study suggests that the relationship between age and ImPACT validity is explained by the presence of ADHD. Results support adjusting ImPACT's validity thresholds for individuals with ADHD.

Indexed as

ADHDassessmentconcussionImPACTsportsvalidity

Identifiers

PMID40648602
PMCPMC12249843

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.