ReviewCancers2025
Vaginal Adenocarcinoma: A Review of a Rare Gynecologic Cancer.
Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the vagina after total hysterectomy for adenomyosis: A case report.Oncology letters · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesVaginal adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy, accounting for less than 10% of all primary vaginal cancers. It predominantly affects older women but can also occur in younger populations, particularly in association with in utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure. Given its rarity, evidence regarding the optimal management of vaginal adenocarcinoma remains limited. This review aimed to summarize the current understanding of vaginal adenocarcinoma, covering the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostic approaches, treatment modalities, prognosis, and areas requiring further investigation thereof.
methodsWe conducted a search for the term "vaginal adenocarcinoma" in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 2016 to 28 April 2025.
resultsOverall, 83 articles were included in the final review. Among them, 21 cases of vaginal adenocarcinoma were reported. Vaginal adenocarcinoma demonstrates a bimodal age distribution, with clear cell histology commonly linked to DES exposure and endometrioid or mucinous types seen in older patients. Risk factors include DES exposure, chronic inflammation, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The diagnosis relies on a pelvic examination, imaging, and biopsy. Treatment typically involves surgery, radiotherapy, or a combination thereof, tailored to the stage and location, with chemotherapy reserved for advanced cases. The prognosis depends on the histologic subtype, tumor size, stage, and treatment response, with early-stage disease generally associated with better outcomes.
conclusionsImproved awareness of risk factors and early diagnostic strategies is critical to optimize patient outcomes. Research is needed to refine treatment protocols, explore targeted therapies and immunotherapy, and investigate the molecular underpinnings of vaginal adenocarcinoma, particularly non-DES-associated types.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.