ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
Hematological Changes and Immunomodulation of Neutrophil and Monocyte Populations in Shelter Dogs.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Functional and Transcriptional Responses of Neutrophils from Dogs Living Under Different Housing Conditions Following In Vitro Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a clinical risk score for early identification of sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome in dogs: A retrospective case-control study.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Stress-Related Immunomodulation of Canine Lymphocyte Responses and Hematologic Profiles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Environmental impact plays a pivotal role in forming the welfare of shelter dogs exposed to chronic stress. Standard methods of animal health monitoring, such as psychological evaluation or cortisol measurements, do not fully reflect modulation of the immune system. Functional cellular changes may be subtle and observed only at the molecular level. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the immune function of shelter dogs kept on different timetables in comparison with client-owned dogs. We focused on potential alterations of antigen processing by neutrophils and monocytes in animals undergoing different durations of stress. Hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated, and changes in TLR4 and MHC Class II expression on neutrophils and monocytes isolated from peripheral blood were determined. Additionally, we measured the percentage of apoptotic cells within these leukocyte populations. Our study revealed that stressful conditions can alter the molecular pattern of surface receptors on neutrophils and monocytes, as well as the leukocytes apoptosis rate. The obtained data also indicated that the dogs' duration of stay in the shelter plays an important role in immunomodulation and triggering their adaptation mechanisms. These results bring a new perspective and will be crucial in developing improved guidelines for monitoring and promoting the welfare of shelter dogs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.