ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
Evaluation of Blood-Based Diagnostic Biomarkers for Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigation of Serum Neurofilament Light Chain as a Surrogate for Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Chain in Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Advances in biomarker discovery for canine cognitive dysfunction: a comprehensive structured narrative review and future perspectives.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Cognitive Improvement and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Regulation byMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Evidence-Based Clinical Management of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome: Diagnostic Algorithms, Practical Guidelines, Critical Appraisal of Biomarkers and Translational Limitations.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Canine Cognitive Dysfunction and Alzheimer's Disease: Pathophysiological Relationships and the Impact of Glymphatic System Impairment on Neurodegeneration.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Diagnosis of Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a donepezil depot injection in dogs with canine cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in aging dogs and serves as a natural model for Alzheimer's disease in humans. This study evaluated blood biomarkers-amyloid-beta (Aβ40, Aβ42), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-for diagnosing and staging CDS and assessed whether combining biomarkers with behavioral questionnaires improves diagnostic reliability. Seventy-seven dogs, including healthy controls and CDS cases, were assessed using the Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating Scale (CCDR), Canine Dementia Scale (CADES), and Canine Cognitive Assessment Scale (CCAS). Plasma Aβ40, Aβ42, GFAP, and serum NfL levels were measured via ELISA. While Aβ40, Aβ42, and GFAP were not significantly associated with CDS stage, serum NfL levels were elevated (
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Registered trials
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