Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40646664›Full record

ReviewBioelectronic medicine2025

Reliability and stability of Bioelectronic Medicine: a critical and pedagogical perspective.

Massimo Mariello

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Bioelectronic medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Tissue-bioelectronics interfaces.Chemical Society reviews · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Massimo MarielloDepartment of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX37DQ, UK. massimomariello@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bioelectronic Medicine relies on wearable or implantable electronic devices interfacing with the nervous system and other active tissues, offering innovative therapeutic solutions. However, the long-term reliability and stability of these devices remain critical challenges that must be addressed for widespread clinical adoption. Advances in materials science, device engineering, power management, and biocompatibility are essential to ensure sustained functionality in dynamic biological environments. This perspective highlights key factors affecting the durability, reliability and stability of Bioelectronic Medicine technologies, explores current solutions and emerging approaches, and outlines the necessary steps to achieve robust, long-lasting bioelectronic therapeutics. The personal view expressed in this article is aimed to provide structured, accessible insights that support teaching and learning, and is envisioned to help motivate other investigators to develop further strategies for achieving clinically-relevant ultra-stable bioelectronics.

Indexed as

Bioelectronic medicineDurabilityEncapsulationsFailureImplantable bioelectronicsLongevityReliabilityStabilityWater permeationWearable bioelectronics

Identifiers

PMID40646664
PMCPMC12255127

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.