Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40646572›Full record

ArticleJournal of ovarian research2025

Late bedtime was associated with increased androgen and reduced lean mass in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a cross-sectional study.

Yuqin Zhang, Min Zhang, Meili Cai, Xiaowen Shao, Diliqingna Dilimulati, Jiayi Lu, Cuiling Zhu, Haibing Chen, Changbin Li, Shen Qu and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of ovarian research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yuqin Zhang *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Min Zhang *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Meili Cai *Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Xiaowen ShaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Diliqingna DilimulatiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Jiayi LuDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Cuiling ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Haibing ChenDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Changbin LiDepartment of General Practice, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. Changbin_li@tongji.edu.cn.
Shen QuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. qushencn@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-7070
Manna ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. mannazhang@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-1954

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82201867
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile the specific effects of bedtime on androgen levels and lean muscle mass remain understudied, circadian misalignment and sleep disturbances have been well-established as risk factors for various metabolic disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between bedtime, androgen-associated traits, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)-based lean mass (LM) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

methodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 899 reproductive-aged women with PCOS from the PCOS subspecialty clinic at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and finally, 636 women were included in the study. Anthropometric, metabolic, sex and reproductive hormonal characteristics, and body fat and lean composition measured by DEXA were collected. The information on bedtime was adapted from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and bedtime was categorized into three aspects: early bedtime (≤ 23:00), intermediate bedtime (> 23:00 to 24:00), and late bedtime (> 24:00) according to the time of falling asleep.

resultsThe study included 636 women with PCOS (mean age 27.50 ± 4.93 years; mean body mass index [BMI] 25.00 ± 5.46 kg/m²), with 24.4% having early bedtime (≤ 23:00), 36.8% intermediate bedtime (> 23:00 to 24:00), and 38.8% late bedtime (> 24:00). After adjusting for age in covariance analysis, the late bedtime group had fewer annual menstrual cycles and higher total testosterone (TT), and the intermediate bedtime group had higher anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) than the early bedtime group. Compared with the early and intermediate bedtime groups, those with late bedtime had higher androstenedione (AD) levels. After controlling possible confounding factors (age, BMI, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, and serum uric acid), multiple liner regression analysis found that compared with early bedtime, late bedtime was independently associated with higher levels of TT and AD, meanwhile, intermediate bedtime was independently associated with higher levels of AMH. Following further adjustment for the above confounders and TT, late bedtime was independently correlated to reduced muscle mass index and appendicular muscle mass index compared with early bedtime.

conclusionThis study provided novel insight that late bedtime (after 24:00) was independently related to elevated androgenic hormones and reduced LM in individuals with PCOS.

Indexed as

AndrogensPolycystic Ovary SyndromeSleepAbsorptiometry, PhotonAdultBody CompositionBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansTestosteroneYoung AdultAndrogensTestosteroneAndrogenBedtimeLean massPolycystic ovary syndromeSleep

Identifiers

PMID40646572
PMCPMC12247343

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.