Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40646099›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

The antimethanogenic efficacy and fate of bromoform and its transformation products in rumen fluid.

Kevin M Posman, Gabriella Iacono, Carmen M Cartisano, Sarah Y Morrison, David Emerson, Nichole N Price, Stephen D Archer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kevin M PosmanBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA. kposman@bigelow.org.
Gabriella IaconoBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA.
Carmen M CartisanoBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA.
Sarah Y MorrisonThe William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, 1034 Miner Farm Road, Chazy, NY, 12921, USA.
David EmersonBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA.
Nichole N PriceBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA.
Stephen D ArcherBigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, Maine, 04544, USA. sarcher@bigelow.org.

Funding

USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture 2021-69012-35919
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enteric methane emissions from ruminant livestock are a significant source of atmospheric methane. Efforts to address rising atmospheric methane concentrations have led to an expansion of research into mitigating enteric methane production. One of the most effective approaches utilizes bromoform-containing feed supplements, such as the algae Asparagopsis spp., to inhibit methanogenesis in the rumen. Understanding the fate and persistence of bromoform in the rumen is important for developing safe, effective products and feeding strategies. This study conducted a series of in vitro rumen fluid experiments monitoring bromoform, dibromomethane, and bromomethane concentrations, methane production and several biochemical parameters to understand the inhibitory thresholds and degradation processes of these compounds. Analysis of the rumen fluid confirmed bromoform is rapidly dehalogenated. The half-life of bromoform was 26 min, coinciding with the production of dibromomethane accumulating to 22.1% of the initial bromoform amendment, but no bromomethane was detected. Dibromomethane demonstrated a considerably longer half-life of 775 min. In separate dose-response experiments, bromoform, dibromomethane and bromomethane all exhibited anti-methanogenic activity. Bromoform and dibromomethane produced sigmoidal-relationships between concentration and inhibition at approximately 1-2 µM, and yielded similar effective concentration values (EC50s) for antimethanogenic activity. Experiments using Asparagopsis taxiformis algae revealed less accumulation of bromoform and formation of dibromomethane, likely driven by a slower release from the seaweed material. The A. taxiformis dose response was less effective at inhibiting methane per mole of bromoform added compared with direct bromoform additions. These results have significant implications for understanding the dynamics of bromoform-mediated methane inhibition and will aid the development of effective halocarbon additives, feeding strategies, and testing protocols for bromoform and its degradation byproducts.

Indexed as

MethaneRumenTrihalomethanesAnimal FeedAnimalsbromoformMethaneTrihalomethanesAlgaeBromoformDehalogenationDibromomethaneMethaneRumenSeaweed

Identifiers

PMID40646099
PMCPMC12254416

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.