ArticleMicrosystems & nanoengineering2025
Enhancing the rectification effect of hydrogel-based stretchable ionic diodes through incorporating cations with high valence.
Article in Microsystems & nanoengineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fully Printed Ionic Diodes from Polymerizable Ionic Liquids.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Hydrogel Electrochemistry as a Structured Interfacial Platform: From Early Concepts to Emerging Applications.ACS omega · 2026Review
- Soft Iontronic Diodes: Materials, Mechanisms, and Progress.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The controlled migration of ions in biological systems has inspired the development of ion-based electronics. Ionic diodes, leveraging ions as charge carriers, offer selective control over ion flux, mimicking ion-selective behavior observed in biological systems. Conventional ionic diodes containing fluids encounter challenges in adapting to biological systems due to their limited stretchability and stability. Recent advancements in solid-state ionic diodes based on stretchable gels enable tissue-like stretchability while maintaining diode-like performance. However, their relatively low rectification ratio hinders their electrical performance, necessitating effective strategies to enhance the rectification effect of stretchable ionic diodes. Here, we propose a method to enhance the rectification effect of hydrogel-based stretchable ionic diodes by incorporating high-valence cations into the P-type hydrogel layer. Through neutralization reactions, cations with valences of 1, 2, and 3 were introduced to replace original hydrogen ions in the hydrogel, resulting in a substantial increase in the rectification ratio from 3 to over 70, with an elevated rectification ratio (140) under 100% strain. The enhanced rectification effect enables applications in iontronics, such as ionic rectifiers and bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). This study, for the first time, highlights the potential of improving electrical performances of iontronics through the manipulation of different ion properties.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.