Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40644544›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Domain engineering in ferroelectric nematics for nonlinear optical modulation.

Chao-Yi Li, Xiao-Yi Xu, Jidan Yang, Yuan Liu, Lu-Yao Sun, Zhi-Jun Huang, Susanta Chakraborty, Yong Zhang, Ling-Ling Ma, Satoshi Aya and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chao-Yi LiNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0437-4355
Xiao-Yi XuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0009-0003-3592-2718
Jidan YangCollege of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9190-2736
Yuan LiuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2063-2254
Lu-Yao SunCollege of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
Zhi-Jun HuangCollege of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.
Susanta ChakrabortyCollege of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8550-8935
Yong ZhangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1158-2248
Ling-Ling MaNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0001-9524
Satoshi AyaSouth China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5873-1701
Bing-Xiang LiNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4727-1572
Yan-Qing LuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6151-8557

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Domain engineering is essential in ferroelectric materials for controlling polar properties and attracts considerable attention because of its induced exotic phenomena and underlying rich physics. In recently discovered fluid ferroelectrics, dubbed ferroelectric nematics, the flexoelectric effect, which couples the gradient of the orientational field and the magnitude of polarizations, favors a splay polar field and can dominate over controlling polarization configurations. However, rationally designing and fabricating polarization fields with combinations of bend and twist, as well as the splay, remain a challenge. Here, we manipulate the competition between electrostatics and surface anchoring to tailor diverse polar fields including twisted vortices in ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals via the photopatterning technique. We successfully fabricate a periodic splay-bend polarization structure that enables the regulation of the polarizations of second harmonic waves at multiple diffraction orders. The flexible domain engineering opens a promising route for developing applications in nonlinear geometrical phase devices and optical information multiplexing.

Identifiers

PMID40644544
PMCPMC12248290

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.