Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40644162›Full record

ArticleIEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings]2025

General Purpose Haptic/Biometric-Based Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment for Post-Stroke Upper-Limb Rehabilitation Games.

Yiyang Shang, Sasan Bahrami, Samuel Gaardsmoe, Alwyn Johnson, Michelle J Johnson, Paul Diefenbach

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings], 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Analysis of Induced Muscle Activations by an Affordable, Reconfigurable Robot for Comprehensive Post-Stroke Rehabilitation.IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [proceedings] · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yiyang Shang
Sasan Bahrami
Samuel Gaardsmoe
Alwyn Johnson
Michelle J Johnson
Paul Diefenbach

Funding

Rehabilitation Using Community-Based Affordable Robotic Exercise Systems (Rehab CARES)R42HD104325 · NICHD · RECUPERO ROBOTICS LLC · PI JOHNSON, ALWYN P., JOHNSON, MICHELLE J. · 2021 to 2023
$1.8M
NICHD NIH HHS R42 HD104325
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rehabilitation therapy can be more effective and engaging when interactive technologies are involved. To enhance this experience, we integrated a haptic/biometric-based (HBB) Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment (DDA) system into the enAblegames ${}^{\text {TM}}$ platform, which already uses body tracking for therapeutic gaming. This system adapts game and haptic difficulty in real time based on each patient's biometric data and performance, making therapy more personalized. We tested this system with 11 participants, comparing their experiences with and without DDA. The results were promising-36% preferred DDA-enhanced games, compared to just $\mathbf{7 \%}$ for non-DDA, and in a single-game scenario, preference for DDA increased by 50 %. These early findings suggest that HBB-DDA can make rehabilitation more engaging and tailored to individual needs. While more research is needed to understand its full impact, this system has the potential to improve patient experience and therapy outcomes.

Indexed as

Stroke RehabilitationUpper ExtremityVideo GamesAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID40644162
PMCPMC12861167

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.