Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40643771›Full record

SynthesisJournal of patient-reported outcomes2025

Psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures in chronic pain conditions with central sensitization- a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mst Farjana Akhter, Pavlos Bobos, Edith G Otalike, Nana A Tiwaa-Boateng, Andrew D Firth, Igor Karp, Joel J Gagnier

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of patient-reported outcomes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mst Farjana AkhterDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada. makhter9@uwo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-7503-0669
Pavlos BobosDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Edith G OtalikeDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Nana A Tiwaa-BoatengDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Andrew D FirthDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Igor KarpDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Joel J GagnierDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo identify available patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to evaluate central sensitization (CS) manifestations in chronic pain conditions and evaluate the quality of psychometric properties of those instruments.

methodsA comprehensive search across multiple electronic databases was conducted for relevant studies following the specification of eligibility criteria and development of key search terms. After screening and full-text review, the methodological quality of studies and psychometric properties of PROMs were assessed and summarized using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist and scoring manual. The results were statistically pooled in a meta-analysis, specifically test-retest reliability, based on data availability and consistency of findings across studies.

resultsA total of fifty-eight studies evaluating eight instruments in adult patients with chronic pain were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was varied. Most identified PROMs have limited evidence regarding their measurement properties. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) received the highest overall ratings for most measurement properties among all the instruments, followed by Pain Sensitivity Questionnaire (PSQ) and Fibromyalgia Survey Questionnaire (FSQ). Based on pooled data from available studies, the test-retest reliability of the CSI was found to be excellent, with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.95) for overall chronic pain, 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87-0.93) for chronic musculoskeletal pain and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.99) for chronic neck pain. PSQ also demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability, showing an ICC of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.72-0.99) for chronic pain.

conclusionAlthough not all properties have been studied, the CSI, which received the highest overall ratings, could serve as a reliable PROM assessing CS in chronic pain. More studies should be performed to comprehensively evaluate all measurement properties of all included instruments.

Indexed as

Central Nervous System SensitizationChronic PainPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresPsychometricsHumansPain MeasurementReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesCentral sensitizationChronic painCOSMINMeasurement propertiesPatient-reported outcome measuresSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40643771
PMCPMC12254461

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.