Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40643704›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026

Mental fatigue accompanied by whole-body surface cooling is associated with the impairment of subsequent endurance exercise performance.

Daiki Imai, Ryosuke Takeda, Eriko Kawai, Kosuke Saho, Akemi Ota, Emiko Morita, Yuta Suzuki, Hisayo Yokoyama, Kazunobu Okazaki

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Daiki ImaiResearch Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-5465
Ryosuke TakedaResearch Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6535-0912
Eriko KawaiDepartment of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8471-657X
Kosuke SahoDepartment of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
Akemi OtaDepartment of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.
Emiko MoritaDepartment of Environmental Physiology for Exercise, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-9198
Yuta SuzukiResearch Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-9680
Hisayo YokoyamaResearch Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7271-0445
Kazunobu OkazakiResearch Center for Urban Health and Sports, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan. kokazaki@omu.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-5516

Funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 20K11365Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) 23K10590Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B) JP17K13189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate whether mental fatigue induced by psychological tasks during whole-body surface cooling influences subsequent endurance exercise performance and whether subjective fatigue is associated with performance variability and neuroendocrine responses.

methodsNine young adults participated in two trials: a mental stress (MS) trial involving the Stroop test (500 stimuli/set × 2) and a control (CON) trial involving watching a video. Both were conducted during whole-body surface cooling using a water-perfused suit (10 °C, 10 min, then 15 °C, 85 min). The time to exhaustion (TE) during cycling at 80% peak oxygen uptake was evaluated. Chalder's fatigue score (CFS), plasma adrenaline ([Ad]

resultsAfter the intervention, the CFS increased in the MS trial, but not in the CON trial. [Ad]

conclusionMental fatigue accompanied by whole-body surface cooling variably influences subsequent endurance exercise performance with decrements associated with greater subjective fatigue and heightened sympathoadrenal-medullary activity though trial-level effects were not significant. There was no apparent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis involvement.

Indexed as

ExerciseMental FatiguePhysical EnduranceAdultCold TemperatureEpinephrineFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneMaleNorepinephrineStress, PsychologicalYoung AdultEpinephrineHydrocortisoneNorepinephrineCatecholamineCold stimulationEndurance capacityMental loadSympathetic nerve activity

Identifiers

PMID40643704
PMCPMC12881025

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.