[MP-MRI in the evaluation of non-operative treatment response, for residual and recurrent tumor detection in head and neck cancer].

As non-surgical therapies gain acceptance in head and neck tumors, the importance of imaging has increased. New therapeutic methods (in radiation therapy, targeted biological therapy, immunotherapy) need better tumor characterization and prognostic information along with the accurate anatomy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the gold standard in head and neck cancer evaluation not only for staging but also for assessing tumor response, posttreatment status and complications, as well as for finding residual or recurrent tumor. Multiparametric anatomical and functional MRI (MP-MRI) is a true cancer imaging biomarker providing, in addition to high resolution tumor anatomy, more molecular and functional, qualitative and quantitative data using diffusion- weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and perfusion-dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (P-DCE-MRI), can improve the assessment of biological target volume and determine treatment response. DW-MRI provides information at the cellular level about the cell density and the integrity of the plasma membrane, based on water movement. P-DCE-MRI provides useful hemodynamic information about tissue vascularity and vascular permeability. Recent studies have shown promising results using radiomics features, MP-MRI has opened new perspectives in oncologic imaging with better realization of the latest technological advances with the help of artificial intelligence.