ArticleWound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Pressure Ulcers From 1990 to 2021 and Projections Over the Next Decade: Results From the 2021 GBD Study.
Article in Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mortality trends of pressure ulcers and non-healing wounds in the United States, 1999-2024.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of mobile application versus intranet-based posting for pressure ulcer education in nurses: a randomised controlled trial.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Relatively upstream factors associated with pressure injury occurrence and staging in older hospitalized patients: a prospective observational study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Mortality predictors in community-dwelling centenarians through comprehensive geriatric assessment.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Research on real-time detection and staging technology for pressure injuries in critically ill patients based on the YOLOv8 deep learning model.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Pressure Ulcers From 1990 to 2021 and Projections Over the Next Decade: Results From the 2021 GBD Study.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pressure ulcers (PUs) are chronic wounds that pose a significant burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems worldwide. This study evaluates the prevalence, trends, and burden of PUs to inform targeted public health policies. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, we analysed PU incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries from 1990 to 2021. Trends were assessed using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardised rates (ASRs), and future projections were made using the ARIMA model. Globally, PU incident cases increased from 1,142,594.8 in 1990 to 2,468,317.5 in 2021. The ASIR showed a slight decrease, from 31.5 to 30.3 per 100,000. The mortality rose from 16,741.1 to 37,032.7, while the ASMR exhibited numerical stability (0.5 per 100,000). The DALYs increased from 408,887.0 in 1990 to 803,747.4 in 2021, with a decline in ASDR, from 10.7 to 9.7 per 100,000. Absolute numbers, ASRs, and EAPCs exhibit a pronounced correlation with the SDI. Moreover, there exist notable disparities across different regions or nations. The burden of PU was notably higher in elderly females, though the increase among the elderly males was also significant. Projections for 2022-2031 indicate a slight decrease in both ASIR and ASMR, while ASDR is expected to rise. While PU incidence remains high, disparities persist, especially in low-SDI regions. Strengthening prevention strategies and improving healthcare access are critical to reducing the global PU burden.
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