Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40642202›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in dental medicine2025

Automatic dental age estimation in adolescents via oral panoramic imaging.

Ze Li, Ning Xiao, Xiaoru Nan, Kejian Chen, Yingjiao Zhao, Shaobo Wang, Xiangjie Guo, Cairong Gao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in dental medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ze LiSchool of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Ning XiaoSchool of Information, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, China.
Xiaoru NanDepartment of Orthodontics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Kejian ChenSchool of Information, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, China.
Yingjiao ZhaoDepartment of Orthodontics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Shaobo WangDepartment of Orthodontics, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Xiangjie GuoSchool of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Cairong GaoSchool of Forensic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Object: In forensic dentistry, dental age estimation assists experts in determining the age of victims or suspects, which is vital for legal responsibility and sentencing. The traditional Demirjian method assesses the development of seven mandibular teeth in pediatric dentistry, but it is time-consuming and relies heavily on subjective judgment. Methods: This study constructed a largescale panoramic dental image dataset and applied various convolutional neural network (CNN) models for automated age estimation. Results: Model performance was evaluated using loss curves, residual histograms, and normal PP plots. Age prediction models were built separately for the total, female, and male samples. The best models yielded mean absolute errors of 1.24, 1.28, and 1.15 years, respectively. Discussion: These findings confirm the effectiveness of deep learning models in dental age estimation, particularly among northern Chinese adolescents.

Indexed as

age estimationconvolutional neural networkDemirjian methodforensic dentistryoral panoramic imagingpediatric dentistry

Identifiers

PMID40642202
PMCPMC12241049

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.