ArticleSexual medicine2025
Analysis of surgical complications and risk factors in genital feminization surgery: a retrospective cohort study of 407 transgender women.
Article in Sexual medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Robot-assisted peritoneal flap vaginoplasty in gender-affirming genital reconstruction: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Pooled it
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Penile inversion vulvo-vaginoplasty with addition of a scrotal skin graft is a widely used technique in genital feminizing surgery for trans women. Aim: To identify the types and frequencies of complications following genital feminizing surgery and assess associated risk factors. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on all trans women who underwent primary genital feminizing surgery at Lyon Sud University Hospital between 2008 and 2022. Inclusion criteria were age over 18 and a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Data were collected from electronic medical records and included demographic and clinical characteristics, surgical details, intraoperative events, postoperative complications, and revision procedures. Outcomes: The study focused on the incidence of intraoperative, early, and late postoperative complications, as well as the frequency and types of surgical revisions. Results: Among 407 patients (mean (SD) age of 38.6 (12.7) years, mean (SD) BMI of 24.7), intra-operative rectal injury occurred in 5 patients (1.2%). Early graft failure requiring revision was seen in 1%, and 23.1% underwent secondary revisions. Late complications included recto-neovaginal fistula (0.5%) and vaginal stenosis requiring revision (3.4%). Labiaplasty was the most frequent revision procedure ( Clinical Implications: Clear, individualized preoperative counseling is essential to prepare patients for the potential need for revision surgery. Strengths & Limitations: This study benefits from a large sample size and long follow-up but is limited by its retrospective design and reliance on electronic records. Conclusion: Penile inversion vulvo-vaginoplasty with scrotal skin graft is a generally safe procedure; detailed knowledge of complications supports better patient counseling and informed decision-making.
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