ArticlePharmacology research & perspectives2025
Pharmacogenomics Education and Knowledge Assessment in Healthcare Curricula: A Scoping Review of the Middle East and North Africa Region.
Article in Pharmacology research & perspectives, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gamification in genetics, genomics, and pharmacogenomics education: a bibliometric analysis of research trends, collaboration, and emerging themes (2000-2025).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- International expert perspectives on pharmacogenomics in pharmacy education: a qualitative study with implications for South Africa.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cancer patients' perspectives and practices regarding pharmacogenomic testing and its cost.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenomics Education and Knowledge Assessment in Healthcare Curricula: A Scoping Review of the Middle East and North Africa Region.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a crucial part of precision medicine; however, its integration into clinical practice has been slow, primarily due to knowledge gaps regarding pharmacogenomics among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Pharmacogenomics education is considered the most influential barrier to the successful implementation of PGx. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, several studies have highlighted the lack of PGx education among students and HCPs. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the existing literature on how PGx is delivered in the curricula and its impact on knowledge acquisition among students and HCPs in the MENA region. A database search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was conducted up to June 2023. Outcomes included PGx education availability, curriculum placement, mode of delivery, and knowledge level. Seven cross-sectional studies were identified (2014-2023), with 57% from the Gulf region. PGx education is mostly taught to undergraduates (71%) through didactic lectures (100%), with only a few studies reporting a standalone course (29%). Participants demonstrated low (43%) to moderate (43%) knowledge levels, assessed using objective scales or subjective self-assessment after completion of the course. Reported barriers to implementing PGx education included knowledge gaps, economic constraints, and system sustainability. PGx education in the MENA region is delivered mainly as an integrated course in professional programs including pharmacy and medicine, and the overall knowledge level was low to moderate. Future research could focus on providing more detailed reporting of the PGx educational landscape, developing standardized assessment tools, and evaluating actual knowledge acquisition among different professions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.