ArticleZoological research2025
Single-cell RNA-seq provides insight into the underdeveloped immune system of germ-free mice.
Article in Zoological research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Glycosylation in gut-brain communication: from the intestinal barrier and microbiota to immune and neural signaling.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The microbiota at the interface of environmental toxicants and the brain.Cell metabolism · 2026Review
- Microbe on the move:Journal of bacteriology · 2026Review
- The human microbiome at translational crossroads: an ecological and causal perspective.Singapore medical journal · 2026Review
- Geographic patterns of antibiotic resistance in the human gut microbiome: insights from metagenome-assembled genomes across four Chinese provinces.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The expression of genes in different sites of gut tract regulates the meat quality of semitendinosus muscle in sheep and goats.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Germ-free mice exhibit profound immunological immaturity. Despite recent studies emphasizing the role of specific bacterium-derived metabolites in immune cell development and differentiation, the mechanisms linking microbiota absence to systemic immune deficits remain incompletely defined. Here, droplet-based single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow and peripheral blood from both germ-free and specific pathogen-free mice was performed, identifying 25 transcriptionally distinct cell types. Neutrophil apoptosis was elevated in germ-free mice, potentially due to the absence of niacin dehydrogenase, a metabolite primarily produced by
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.