Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40640892›Full record

ReviewMolecular neurodegeneration2025

Biomarkers and therapeutic strategies targeting microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: current status and future directions.

Min-Young Noh, Hyuk Sung Kwon, Min-Soo Kwon, Minyeop Nahm, Hee Kyung Jin, Jae-Sung Bae, Seung Hyun Kim

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular neurodegeneration, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Min-Young Noh *Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
Hyuk Sung Kwon *Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 153, Gyeongchun-Ro, Guri-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 11923, Republic of Korea.
Min-Soo Kwon *Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA University, CHA Bio Complex, 335 Pangyo, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
Minyeop Nahm *Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41062, Republic of Korea.
Hee Kyung JinDepartment of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
Jae-Sung BaeDepartment of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
Seung Hyun KimDepartment of Neurology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. kimsh1@hanyang.ac.kr.ORCID 0000-0001-9644-9598

Funding

Korea Dementia Research Center RS-2024-00348451
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advances in our understanding of non-cell-autonomous mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) have highlighted microglial dysfunction as a core driver of disease progression. Conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) share features of impaired microglial phagocytosis, chronic neuroinflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. These insights have prompted new therapeutic strategies targeting microglial function and emphasized the need for reliable biomarkers to monitor disease progression and treatment response. Well-established therapeutic targets, such as triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), progranulin (PGRN), and sortilin (SORT1), along with emerging candidates including LILRB4, P2Y6R, TAM receptors, and neuroinflammation-related markers, are discussed alongside novel blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and imaging biomarkers. Despite notable progress, many of these biomarkers remain restricted to preclinical studies and face translational challenges due to species-specific differences, lack of standardization, and clinical heterogeneity. Emerging technologies-including single-cell omics, spatial transcriptomics, and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven integration of multimodal data-offer new opportunities to align biomarker profiles with evolving disease states and improve patient stratification. Building on the model of companion diagnostics (CDx) in oncology, integrating multimodal biomarker strategies holds promise for guiding personalized interventions, improving clinical outcomes, and deepening our mechanistic understanding of microglial contributions across the neurodegenerative spectrum.

Indexed as

BiomarkersMicrogliaNeurodegenerative DiseasesAnimalsHumansBiomarkersADALSCompanion diagnosticsFTDMicroglial dysfunctionMicroglia-targeting therapyNeurodegenerative diseasesPDPrecision medicine

Identifiers

PMID40640892
PMCPMC12247225

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.