Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40640273›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Identifying biomarkers for papilledema and pseudopapilledema.

Rishi Sekhri, Helen J Kuht, Zhanhan Tu, Gail D E Maconachie, Riddhi Shenoy, Esha Prakash, Seema Teli, Sohaib R Rufai, Nagini Sarvananthan, Tahir Islam and 8 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Observational
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Rishi SekhriUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Helen J KuhtUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Zhanhan TuUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Gail D E MaconachieUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Riddhi ShenoyUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Esha PrakashUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Seema TeliUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Sohaib R RufaiUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Nagini SarvananthanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Tahir IslamDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Michael HisaundUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Rebecca J McLeanUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Indranil ChoudhuriDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Joris DehaeneDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Martin BarnesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Irene GottlobUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Ian DeSilvaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Mervyn G ThomasUlverscroft Eye Unit, School of Psychology and Vision Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. mt350@le.ac.uk.

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_17171National Institute for Health and Care Research CL-2017-11-003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Papilledema describes optic nerve head (ONH) swelling due to raised intracranial pressure which can lead to complications including visual loss. Differentiating it from pseudopapilledema is often challenging and may require invasive investigations. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging modality, allowing visualisation of the ONH. We identified OCT-derived biomarkers for papilledema and pseudopapilledema in the existing literature. 213 patients with confirmed papilledema, optic disc drusen (ODD), tilted optic discs (TOD) or crowded optic discs (COD) were included. OCT scans were analysed for qualitative and quantitative biomarkers, with sensitivity, specificity, and AUC calculated for individual and combined biomarkers. Logistic regression modelling including qualitative biomarkers to differentiate papilledema from ODD and COD demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 89% and AUC of 0.96. Inclusion of TOD reduced the sensitivity of the model to 66%. In a model differentiating papilledema from TOD, the best-performing biomarker achieved a sensitivity of 87%, specificity of 61% and AUC of 0.83. Using qualitative biomarkers, we identified a model with high sensitivity and specificity to differentiate papilledema from ODD and COD. Quantitative biomarkers displayed high AUCs for differentiating TOD from papilledema. Our findings show that OCT demonstrates promising utility in differentiating papilledema from pseudopapilledema.

Indexed as

BiomarkersEye Diseases, HereditaryOptic Nerve DiseasesPapilledemaAdultAgedDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOptic DiskOptic Disk DrusenSensitivity and SpecificityTomography, Optical CoherenceBiomarkersCrowded optic discOptical coherence tomographyOptic disc drusenPapilledemaPseudopapilledemaTilted optic disc

Identifiers

PMID40640273
PMCPMC12246050

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.