Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40637628›Full record

ArticleCanadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada2025

A population-based analysis of patterns of care in patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer from Alberta, Canada.

Geoffrey Gotto, Nimira S Alimohamed, Girish S Kulkarni, Peter C Black, Wassim Kassouf, Andrea Kokorovic, Bernhard J Eigl, Normand Blais, Aly-Khan A Lalani, Winson Y Cheung and 3 more

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Article in Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Guideline adherence in treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Discipline can save lives.Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Geoffrey GottoDepartments of Surgery and Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Nimira S AlimohamedDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Girish S KulkarniDivisions of Urology and Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Peter C BlackDepartment of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Wassim KassoufDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Andrea KokorovicDepartment of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Bernhard J EiglBC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Normand BlaisDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Aly-Khan A LalaniDepartment of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Winson Y CheungDepartment of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Mariet StephenOncology Outcomes, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Brendan J W OsborneJanssen Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada.
Christopher J D WallisUrologic Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionApproximately three-quarters of patients newly diagnosed with bladder cancer have non-muscle-invasive disease (NMIBC). Among these patients, those with high-risk (HR) features should be managed more aggressively in an attempt to circumvent the elevated risk of recurrence/progression. Population-based data on the incidence of HR-NMIBC and receipt of guideline-recommended care are limited.

methodsThis retrospective, observational study gathered data from multiple linked provincial (Alberta) healthcare databases to describe baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes in a population of individuals diagnosed with HR-NMIBC from 2010-2020. Data for all patients aged >18 years with T1, Tis, or high-grade Ta NMIBC ("high-risk") were analyzed using basic statistics, multivariate regression analyses, and the Kaplan-Meier method.

resultsOf 6837 de novo NMIBC patients identified, 3874 (57%) were categorized as HR-NMIBC. The majority (82%) were male with a median age of 72 years, and approximately half had a Charlson comorbidity index score ≥1. Following initial transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), 61% of the cohort received no adjuvant bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or chemotherapy, while 36% received BCG, 3% gemcitabine, and 1% mitomycin C. Patients underwent a median of four TURBT procedures. 'Adequate BCG' (≥5 induction doses + ≥2 maintenance doses) was received by 32% of BCG-treated and 12% of all HR-NMIBC patients. Survival was improved in patients receiving adequate BCG.

conclusionsData from this large, real-world population highlights poor use of induction/maintenance BCG therapy following TURBT among patients with HR-NMIBC.

Identifiers

PMID40637628
PMCPMC12517452

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.