ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2025
Isolation and characterization of avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B associated with the 2024 disease outbreaks among poultry in the USA.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Avian Metapneumovirus: A Narrative Review of Biology, Epidemiology, Transmission Ecology, Diagnostics and Control with Special Reference to Africa and the Middle East.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Avian Metapneumovirus: Virology, Epidemiology, and Insights from a Comparative Analysis with Human Metapneumovirus-A Review.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- History of Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype C in the United States.Avian diseases · 2026Article
- An amplicon-based tiled PCR scheme for the enrichment of avian metapneumovirus subtype B genomes prior to next generation sequencing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of avian metapneumovirus subtypes A and B in United States poultry by targeted amplicon sequencing.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Identification of an optimal exogenous gene insertion site (P-M) and establishment of a reverse genetics system for aMPV/A.PloS one · 2026Article
- Novel avian metapneumovirus subtype C variant is a newly emerged pathogen causing hydrosalpinx fluid syndrome in Sheldrake ducks in China.Virulence · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) is currently classified into four subtypes (aMPV-A, -B, -C, and -D). In late 2023 and early 2024, aMPV-A and aMPV-B were detected in US poultry for the first time, causing significant economic losses. This study analyzed aMPV RT-PCR data from 2,204 samples (1,158 turkey, 936 chicken, and 110 other breeds) submitted to a US veterinary diagnostic laboratory between January and November 2024. A higher percentage of turkey samples (51.04%) tested PCR-positive for aMPV-A and/or aMPV-B compared to chicken samples (15.6%), with aMPV-A showing an overall higher positive rate than aMPV-B, although the positive rates varied by state. Additionally, four aMPV-A and three aMPV-B isolates were successfully recovered from clinical samples using primary chicken embryo lung and/or fibroblast cells. Two aMPV-A isolates (USA/IA55601-6/2024 and USA/IA56509-5/2024) and two aMPV-B isolates (USA/NC20487-GA/2024 and USA/NC23734-GA/2024) were adapted to grow efficiently in a Vero cell line, reaching titers of ~10 IMPORTANCE: Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) subtypes A and B were first detected in US poultry in late 2023 and early 2024, rapidly spreading nationwide and posing a significant threat to the industry. This study analyzed RT-PCR data from 2,204 clinical samples (January to November 2024) to determine aMPV-A and aMPV-B detection rates across poultry species, age groups, and states, providing insights into their epidemiology in the USA. Modified live vaccines are urgently needed to control aMPV but are hindered by the lack of US isolates growing efficiently in cell culture. We successfully isolated aMPV-A and aMPV-B in primary chicken embryo cells and adapted them to a Vero cell line. Their infectious titers and genetic stability were characterized over serial passages. These US aMPV-A and aMPV-B cell culture isolates provide valuable tools for studying pathogenesis, determining virus infectious doses, evaluating disinfectants and antivirals, and developing vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.