Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40637109›Full record

Trial reportJournal of studies on alcohol and drugs2026

Removing Price Discounts From the Tobacco Retail Environment: Effects on College Students' Risk of Using Smokeless Tobacco, Little Cigars, and Electronic Nicotine Delivery Devices.

William G Shadel, Claude M Setodji, Steven C Martino, Michael S Dunbar, Desmond Jenson, Jody C S Wong, Abigail Torbatian

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

William G ShadelRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Claude M SetodjiRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Steven C MartinoRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Michael S DunbarRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Desmond JensonPublic Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Jody C S WongRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Abigail TorbatianRAND, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Funding

Experimentally Testing Legally Feasible Regulatory Options for Reducing the Impact of the Point-of-sale Retail Environment on Adolescent Tobacco Use.R01CA236608 · NCI · RAND CORPORATION · PI SHADEL, WILLIAM G · 2019 to 2023
$2.5M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA236608
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe tobacco industry strives to keep product prices low by providing consumer-focused discounts (e.g., coupons) that can be applied at retail locations. Local communities have responded by prohibiting the distribution and/or redemption of coupons at retail locations, yet evidence that this policy diminishes product purchases and use intentions is lacking. The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate whether the elimination of price discounts from retail locations influences use intentions for smokeless tobacco, little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs), and electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS) in young adults.

methodParticipants were 298 college students recruited from the community. They participated in a simulated shopping task in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a mid-sized convenience store. They were randomized into one of two conditions: price discounts present (store tobacco posters displayed price discount information) or price discounts absent (no price discount information displayed on posters). The dependent measure was postshopping intentions to use smokeless tobacco, LCCs, and ENDS.

resultsExposure to the price-discounts-absent condition led to a lower susceptibility of using smokeless tobacco compared with exposure to the price-discounts-present condition (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.48, 95% CI [0.23, 0.98]). Experimental condition was not related to LCC use susceptibility (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI [0.70, 3.03]) or to ENDS use susceptibility (aOR = 0.89, 95% CI [0.40, 1.95]).

conclusionsThese results support eliminating tobacco discounts from retail locations, at least for reducing college students' desire to use some tobacco products.

Indexed as

CommerceElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsStudentsTobacco ProductsTobacco, SmokelessAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansIntentionMaleUniversitiesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40637109
PMCPMC12288586

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.