ReviewFree neuropathology2025
Multiple sclerosis: 2024 update.
Review in Free neuropathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Combined cognitive rehabilitation and neurofeedback therapy: effects on executive function and cognitive flexibility in people with multiple sclerosis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Trial
- CAR-T Cell Therapy and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Current Limitations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Immunometabolic reprogramming in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic amplifier to therapeutic target in neuroinflammation and remyelination.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic evaluation of artocarpin-enriched extract from Artocarpus heterophyllus heartwood in multiple sclerosis rat model.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Network Biology of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Neurodegenerative Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Immune-Related Gene Variants as Modifiers of Multiple Sclerosis Severity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- An Explainable Multi-Scale Deep Learning Framework for Multi-Class Brain MRI Classification.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- More than an attachment module: covalent inhibitor warheads influence BTK dynamics and function.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Urinary Exosomal microRNAs as a Novel Approach to Study People with Multiple Sclerosis and Severe Gait Disability: A Preliminary Observation.Non-coding RNA · 2026Article
- Ocrelizumab in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: first interim analysis of the MUSPO Italian prospective cohort.Journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- Metabolic changes in normal-appearing white matter associate with MRI measures of disease burden in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over three years.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A Comparative Study of Clinical and Demographic Profiles of Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Two Regional Centers in Denmark and Romania.Neurology international · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Serum Endocan and Hyaluronic Acid Levels in Multiple Sclerosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between OCT and VEP Parameters with Disability and Disease Duration in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Multiple sclerosis as a biological and clinical continuum: from risk factors to the early stages of disease.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex immune-mediated disease that leads to neurological disability, with ongoing challenges in understanding its initiation, predicting progression, and optimizing personalized treatment. This review article summarizes key research findings from 2024, covering advances in diagnostic criteria, understanding of pathophysiology, and treatment strategies. New studies reinforce the strong link between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and MS, while recent data point towards a role of genetics in MS disease progression. The 2024 McDonald criteria revision enhances diagnostic specificity and includes novel MRI markers and facilitates measurement of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Additionally, recent genetic discoveries, advanced imaging techniques, and emerging biomarkers are refining disease monitoring and prognosis. Finally, we highlight promising therapeutic developments, including Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapies, with the former representing a paradigm shift in the potential of targeting MS progression beyond focal inflammation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.