ArticleAnnals of neurosciences2025
N-acetyl L-cysteine and Growth Factors Impede Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inflammatory Responses in Astrocytes to Amyloid-β in Serum-free Culture.
Article in Annals of neurosciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Astrocytes play an integral role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, where they may act as a double-edged sword. The existing serum-supplemented in vitro astrocyte culture models are not suitable to study certain stress response mechanisms that occur in AD. Purpose: Here, we tried to develop a serum-free murine primary cortical astrocyte culture model to study endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation to investigate the effect of amyloid-beta (Aβ Methods: Astrocytes were cultured in a controlled serum-free environment to minimise interference from serum components. Serum-free astrocytes were exposed to oligomeric Aβ and subjected to imaging, immunocytochemistry, real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Results: Using an established protocol, no significant activation of eIF2α, a key marker of ER stress, was observed under serum-free conditions, but with the removal of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), ER stress response was enhanced after 24 hours of Aβ exposure. Subsequently, the Aβ-induced inflammatory response, assessed through TNF-α expression, which was minimal in the presence of growth factors, became pronounced when these factors were withdrawn. Concomitantly, a significant increase in astrocytes reactivity, assessed by GFAP expression upon 24 hours of Aβ exposure, was observed. Transcript analysis revealed a time-dependent shift in the expression of inflammatory molecules, with early time points showing an increase in anti-inflammatory markers, while late exposure promoting pro-inflammatory responses. Conclusion: This study identifies that NAC and growth factors impede ER stress and inflammatory responses in astrocytes upon Aβ exposure in serum-free culture. These findings also highlight the potential of a serum-free culture system for studying ER stress and inflammation in astrocytes to understand the complex role of these cells in AD pathophysiology.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.