Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40635637›Full record

ArticleJournal of cosmetic dermatology2025

Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Clinical Hyaluronic Acid Fillers.

Joshua S T Hooks, Brenda Yang, David R Maestas, James I Andorko, Anna Ruta, Joscelyn C Mejias, Sean H Kelly, Christopher K Hee, Jennifer H Elisseeff

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Joshua S T HooksDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Brenda YangDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
David R MaestasDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
James I AndorkoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Anna RutaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Joscelyn C MejiasDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Sean H KellyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Christopher K HeeAllergan Aesthetics, An AbbVie Company, Irvine, California, USA.
Jennifer H ElisseeffDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5066-1996

Funding

Allergan Aesthetics
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCrosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA)-based hydrogels are commonly used as dermal fillers where they interact with surrounding tissues including host stromal and immune cells. HA fillers are widely used for aesthetic applications, with products designed with varying properties depending on their indication. Although HA fillers have been demonstrated to have a strong biocompatibility profile, a small subset of patients' experiences delayed-onset adverse events hypothesized to be inflammatory and allergy-related outcomes such as delayed-onset hypersensitivity.

aimsThe overall goal of this study was to evaluate the innate and adaptive immune response to two clinically available HA filler formulations.

methodsUsing multiparametric flow cytometry, we characterized the immune response to Juvèderm Volbella (VYC-15 L) and Juvèderm Ultra 3 (SGD-30XP) in a murine quadricep muscle resection that enables implantation of larger volumes and exposure to muscle and adipose.

resultsPresence of the implanted HA filler increased recruitment of immune cells, specifically antigen presenting macrophages, eosinophils, and gamma-delta (γδ) T cells to the injury site compared to no implant (saline) controls. Comparing the two materials, VYC-15 L increased interleukin 17a (IL17a) production by lymphocyte subsets at the injury site and induced higher levels of circulating IgE relative to SGD-30XP and saline controls.

conclusionOverall, these results provide insights into the immune response to HA fillers and how different formulations may alter the immune outcomes.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityCosmetic TechniquesDermal FillersHyaluronic AcidImmunity, InnateAnimalsFemaleFlow CytometryHumansHydrogelsInterleukin-17MacrophagesMiceDermal FillersHyaluronic AcidHydrogelsInterleukin-17biomaterialsflow cytometryhyaluronic acidimmune response

Identifiers

PMID40635637
PMCPMC12242719

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.