ArticleCroatian medical journal2025
The application of paravertebral block for open cholecystectomy in a high-risk patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: a case report.
Article in Croatian medical journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Refining anesthesia practice - regional techniques, risk stratification, and evidence-based analgesia.Croatian medical journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We present a case of a 57-year-old male patient (American Society of Anesthesiologists status IV) undergoing open cholecystectomy under unilateral thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) and sedation. The patient had severe heart failure, a reduced ejection fraction of approximately 16%, and an implanted subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Using ultrasound, we identified the thoracic (Th) paravertebral spaces on the right side at four levels (from Th6 to Th9) and administered 3.5 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine per level, for a total of 14 mL. Twenty minutes after TPVB application, we confirmed sensory blockade from the Th5 to Th10 dermatomes. Ten minutes into surgery, during liver capsule retraction, the patient experienced some pain (5/10 on the visual analogue scale, VAS). The pain was successfully treated with rescue analgesia of 10 µg of intravenous (IV) sufentanil and a sedation dose of 50 mg IV propofol. The surgery lasted 45 minutes and was completed uneventfully. For continued intraoperative sedation, we used 10 mg/h remimazolam, maintaining hemodynamic stability. Nine hours after surgery, the patient reported a VAS pain score of 5 and received 75 mg of IV diclofenac sodium, with no further analgesia required. The patient was discharged on postoperative day six. In conclusion, the application of TPVB combined with remimazolam sedation could present a feasible anesthetic and analgesic technique for open cholecystectomy in high-risk cardiac patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40635344PMC12246965What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.