Stem Cell Nanotechnology Applications as Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy: A New Era in Targeted Treatment.

Cancer is still one of the most serious and life-threatening diseases in humans, and the conventional chemotherapies, radiation treatments, and surgical methods have yet to provide an effective resolution due to some drawbacks concerning drug resistance, general toxicity, and poor targeting to tumor sites. To surmount these challenges, some innovative approaches are under exploration; hence, the emergence of more promising solutions in the format of nanotechnology that combine with stem cell (SC)-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Its advantages include autonomous proliferative potential and the ability to clonally generate various cell types, leading to malignant transformation. Additionally, they possess an innate ability to migrate toward tumor sites, making them highly effective vectors for targeted DDS. The integration of nanotechnology with SCs offers several benefits, such as controlled release of therapeutic molecules, improved bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity. These advantages may provide the opportunity to improve cancer therapy with fewer side effects than those resulting from conventional treatments. This review has focused on the emerging role of SC-nanotechnology-based DDS as a new era in targeted cancer treatment and has emphasized enhancing therapeutic outcomes with a more precise approach to cancer therapy.