ArticleVeterinary research2025
Blastocystis in free-ranging wild ruminant species across the Iberian Peninsula.
Article in Veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- ExploringJournal of medical microbiology · 2026Review
- Molecular Detection of Enteric Protozoa in Cattle from North Portugal.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular Detection ofVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Gastrointestinal parasites of red and roe deer investigated via metagenomics and histology.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia spp. in Eld's deer (Rucervus eldii) and their forest rangers in Hainan, China.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- First survey on the occurrence, subtype distribution and circulation of the enteric protozoan Blastocystis sp. in French broiler chicken farms.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Occurrence and subtyping of the intestinal protozoanFood and waterborne parasitology · 2026Article
- The role of cervids in the transmission of Blastocystis spp. to livestock and humans: a comprehensive review.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Tracking pathogen-related markers with eDNA in natural areas: how environmental factors shape surveillance strategies.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Molecular detection of zoonoticalFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The growing wild ungulate populations across Europe represents an increasingly important source for the spread of zoonotic pathogens. Blastocystis is a common intestinal protist observed in humans and animals worldwide. Studies on Blastocystis occurrence and subtype (ST) diversity in free-ranging wild ruminants are lacking globally, and more data are needed to understand the epidemiological scenario in wild European ruminants. We collected 833 faecal samples from free-ranging wild ungulates across Spain (n = 699) and Portugal (n = 134) between 1998 and 2021. Using conventional PCR and next-generation amplicon sequencing, Blastocystis was found in 13.8% (115/833; 95% CI: 11.5-16.3) of the wild ruminants analysed. Its occurrence was significantly higher in Portugal (38.1%, 51/134; 95% CI 29.8-46.8) than in Spain (9.2%, 64/699; 95% CI: 7.1-11.5). Fifteen Blastocystis STs, fourteen previously recognised (ST2, ST5, ST10, ST13, ST14, ST21, ST23-ST26, ST30, and ST42-ST44), and one novel (named ST49), were detected among the surveyed wild ruminant populations. Novel ST49 was described using Oxford Nanopore sequencing to produce full-length reference sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene. A greater ST diversity was observed in Spanish samples. Mixed infections were found in 58.3% (67/115) of the total Blastocystis-positive samples. Our results have enhanced the knowledge regarding Blastocystis occurrence and ST diversity and host preference present in wild ruminants from the Iberian Peninsula, which will assist in clarifying the relationships between the sylvatic and domestic cycles of this protist and may ultimately provide tools to help manage future public health epidemiological scenarios.
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