Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40634665›Full record

ArticleNature human behaviour2025

Unattended working memory items are coded by persistent activity in human medial temporal lobe neurons.

K Paluch, M Magnuski, W Średniawa, D Ivanovski, A Rysz, M Służewska-Niedźwiedź, T Pasterski, W Fortuna, K Smarzewska, P C Reinacher and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature human behaviour, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Human Beta Oscillations Reflect Magnitude and Fidelity of Priority Shifts in Working Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  3. Brain-wide single-neuron bases of working memory for sounds in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

K PaluchCenter of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders: BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2761-0151
M MagnuskiCenter of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders: BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6859-2581
W ŚredniawaCenter of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders: BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3152-4785
D IvanovskiDepartment of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
A RyszDepartment of Neurosurgery, 1st Military Teaching Hospital in Lublin-Branch in Ełk, Ełk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8272-7275
M Służewska-NiedźwiedźClinical Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6953-3073
T PasterskiDepartment of Neurosurgery, 1st Military Teaching Hospital in Lublin-Branch in Ełk, Ełk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0619-6422
W FortunaClinical Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5019-1680
K SmarzewskaClinical Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3933-9277
P C ReinacherDepartment of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Freiburg University Medical Center, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-546X
Sz KaczorDepartment of Neurosurgery, 1st Military Teaching Hospital in Lublin-Branch in Ełk, Ełk, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-2494-2974
P TabakowClinical Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-3871
H BabuDepartment of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8985-7526
J KamińskiCenter of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders: BRAINCITY, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. jan.kaminski.work@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-7314

Funding

Fundacja na rzecz Nauki Polskiej (Foundation for Polish Science) BRAINCITY
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of persistent neural activity in working memory storage is well documented, particularly in tasks where memorized items are of equal importance. However, the encoding mechanism for unattended items, often considered as 'activity silent', remains poorly understood. Here we recorded the activity of image-selective neurons in the medial temporal lobe while subjects (n = 12) shifted attention between concurrently stored memory items. Our results demonstrate that both attended and unattended memory items are encoded through persistent activity. Additionally, we observed a dynamic transformation in the neuronal subspace following cue presentation, reflecting a shift in how information was maintained. While information about the unattended item was decodable at the single-trial level from preselected image-selective cells, it was not decodable from the entire population of medial temporal lobe cells. These findings support models of persistent activity and challenge the notion that unattended items are stored via 'activity-silent' mechanisms.

Indexed as

AttentionMemory, Short-TermNeuronsTemporal LobeAdultCuesFemaleHumansMaleYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40634665
PMCPMC12545176

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.