ArticleArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2026
Diffuse white matter abnormality is independently predictive of neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Neonatal brain abnormalities predict preschool executive functioning performance in children born very preterm.Developmental psychology · 2026Article
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate diffuse white matter abnormality (DWMA) volume at term-equivalent age as an independent predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. STUDY
designIn this multicentre prospective cohort study, 392 preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation) underwent term-equivalent MRI with automated DWMA quantification. The primary outcome was cognitive function at 3 years corrected age using the Differential Ability Scales-II General Conceptual Ability (GCA) score. Secondary outcomes included motor function (Bayley-III) and cerebral palsy (CP) at 2 years. Multivariable regression analysed DWMA's prognostic value.
resultsFollow-up was available for 89% (GCA) and 87% (Bayley-III/CP) of participants (mean gestational age 29 (SD: 2.5 weeks). Mean GCA was 94 (20.2); Bayley motor composite was 93 (14.5). CP was diagnosed in 12% of children (28 Gross Motor Function Classification System level I, six level II and III and five level IV and V). Higher DWMA volume independently predicted lower cognitive (β=-1.9; 95% CI -3.7 to -0.1), though only marginally over existing predictors (p=0.04), and motor scores (β=-2.0; 95% CI -3.3 to -0.7; p=0.003) and increased CP risk (adjusted OR=1.7; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.4; p=0.003) after controlling for clinical and socioeconomic factors. Socioeconomic disadvantages have amplified DWMA's adverse effects.
conclusionsThis first external validation study demonstrates that objective DWMA quantification independently predicts multiple developmental outcomes through age 3 in preterm infants. The findings validate DWMA's pathological significance and support its utility as an early biomarker for risk stratification and targeted intervention.
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