ArticleAllergy2025
Transcriptomic Analysis of Allergic Patch Test Reactions in Non-Atopic Patients: A Comparative Study Across Multiple Allergens.
Article in Allergy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Occupational Contact Dermatitis in the Post-COVID Era: From Barrier Dysfunction and Microbiome Dysbiosis to Prevention and Precision Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Skin Barrier Biomarkers in Patch-Induced and Clinical Allergic and Irritant Contact Dermatitis.Contact dermatitis · 2026Article
- Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Immunopathology and Potential Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune mechanisms underlying elicitation in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) have yet to be fully elucidated. Previous studies have shown a double-faceted nature of ACD with both common biomarkers among different allergens and allergen-specific imprinting, albeit with discordance in terms of relevant pathways involved. Several factors, including co-existing atopic dermatitis, may influence immune reactions. We aim to characterize molecular signatures and their immune mechanisms of different relevant allergens (nickel, 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate [2-HEMA], methylisothiazolinone [MIT], formaldehyde) in strong and extreme positive (2/3+) patch test reactions of patients without atopic dermatitis.
methodsA transcriptomic analysis of 40 skin biopsies of ACD reactions (11 nickel, 10 MIT, 10 2-HEMA, 9 formaldehyde) and 19 controls (petrolatum-occluded skin) was performed using RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) were assessed, and enriched functional pathways were obtained with an over-representation analysis for allergens.
resultsACD molecular profiling revealed a strong, common imprinting of DEG among allergens versus controls (n = 814), with further partially shared DEG among allergens (n = 664) and allergen-specific DEG (n = 430). The most relevant shared pathways were associated with immune adaptive and innate responses. All allergens exhibited mixed effector immune responses, mainly type 1 and 3 immunity, and, to a lesser extent, type 2 immunity. Furthermore, partially shared and unique DEG were associated with further inflammatory pathways, particularly for nickel and 2-HEMA.
conclusionsThis study confirms shared ACD imprinting among different allergens and shared pathways' predominant role in ACD elicitation in patients without atopic dermatitis, alongside allergen-specific immune processes and mixed effector responses (type 1, 3 and 2).
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