Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40631808›Full record

ArticleHuman psychopharmacology2025

Efficacy of Intranasal Esketamine in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Six-Month Real-World Follow-Up Study of Depressive Symptoms, Hopelessness, and Suicide Risk.

Maurizio Pompili, Maria Anna Trocchia, Ludovica Longhini, Eva Dispenza, Cristina Di Legge, Salvatore Sarubbi, Denise Erbuto, Isabella Berardelli

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In one paragraph

Article in Human psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Maurizio PompiliDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1886-4977
Maria Anna TrocchiaDepartment of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Ludovica LonghiniDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Eva DispenzaPsychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Psychiatry Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Cristina Di LeggePsychiatry Residency Training Program, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Psychiatry Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Salvatore SarubbiDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Denise ErbutoDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Isabella BerardelliDepartment of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTreatment-resistant depression is one of the most significant clinical challenges in psychiatric practice. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal esketamine on depressive symptoms in a real-world outpatient setting. A secondary objective was to explore the potential benefits of intranasal esketamine on hopelessness and suicide risk (suicidal ideation and suicide attempts).

methodsTwenty-one patients diagnosed with treatment-resistant depression were treated with intranasal esketamine. Depressive symptoms (MADRS and BDI), suicide risk (C-SSRS), and hopelessness (BHS) were assessed. We conducted a mixed model for repeated measures analysis to evaluate changes from baseline (T0), 3-month follow-up (T1), and 6-month follow-up (T2).

resultsResults indicated that depressive symptoms decreased over time. Specifically, both clinician and self-report measures show lower levels of depressive symptoms at 3-month and 6-month follow-up. We also found a significant decrease in the presence of suicidal ideation between T0 and T2. Finally, patients also reported a reduction in hopelessness levels over time.

conclusionsOur findings indicate an overall response regarding depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation after esketamine in treatment-resistant depression at 3-month and 6-month follow-up assessments.

Indexed as

Antidepressive AgentsDepressive Disorder, Treatment-ResistantHopeKetamineSuicidal IdeationAdministration, IntranasalAdultFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedSuicide, AttemptedTreatment OutcomeAntidepressive AgentsEsketamineKetamineesketaminesuicide preventionsuicide risktreatment‐resistant depression

Identifiers

PMID40631808
PMCPMC12239703

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.