ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2025
Cryo-EM of cardiac AL-224L amyloid reveals shared features in λ6 light chain fibril folds.
Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
In amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis, aberrant monoclonal antibody light chains (LCs) deposit in vital organs causing organ damage. Each AL patient features a unique LC. Previous cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies revealed different amyloid structures in different AL patients. How LC mutations influence amyloid structures remains unclear. We report a cryo-EM structure of cardiac AL-224L amyloid (2.92 Å resolution) from λ6-LC family, which is overrepresented in amyloidosis. Comparison with λ6-LC structures from two other patients reveals similarities in amyloid folds. Mutation-induced structural differences in AL-224L include altered C-terminal conformation with an exposed ligand-binding surface; an enlarged hydrophilic pore with orphan density; and altered steric zipper registry with backbone flipping, which likely represent general adaptive mechanisms in amyloids. The results suggest shared features in λ6-LC amyloid folds and reveal how mutation-induced structural changes influence amyloid-ligand interactions in a patient-specific manner.
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