ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025
Molecular epidemiological and spatiotemporal analysis of lumpy skin disease outbreaks in cattle from Karnataka, India.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Preparation and immune efficacy evaluation of inactivated lumpy skin disease virus vaccine.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Population Assay for the Seroprevalence of Lumpy Skin Disease.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Humoral and cytokine responses to a heterologous goatpox vaccine in Mithun (Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), is a re-emerging transboundary disease of cattle, which has severely impacted India's livestock population. This study investigates its molecular epidemiology, spatial patterns, and risk factors in Karnataka from 2021-2024. Methodology: In this study, total of 1,353 different types of samples from 451 suspected LSD cases were analyzed using PCR. Spatial clustering was assessed using QGIS and GeoDa. Risk factor analysis and phylogenetic studies were performed to identify susceptible groups and viral lineages. Results: Among the analyzed samples, scabs showed the highest positivity rate at 83.6%, followed by nasal swabs at 80.9%, and blood samples at 76.9%, underscoring the utility of nasal swabs as a simple and effective non-invasive clinical sample for diagnosis and clinical surveillance. Spatial analysis conducted with QGIS (v3.32.2) and GeoDa (v1.22) identified strong spatial autocorrelation and consistent clustering of cases in densely populated livestock areas, driven by environmental factors and mechanical vectors, including blood-feeding arthropods like flies ( Discussion: These findings emphasize that, despite vaccination success, persistent hotspots and vulnerable cattle groups remain. Therefore, region-specific strategies such as targeted vector control, robust molecular surveillance, and GIS-based early outbreak alerts are necessary for LSD control in endemic regions. This study also highlights how the integration of combining molecular diagnostics, epidemiological modeling, and spatial analytics can strengthen LSD surveillance and redefine disease control strategies, ultimately mitigating its socio-economic impact.
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