ArticleJournal of health, population, and nutrition2025
Global trends in polycystic ovarian syndrome over 30 years: an age-period-cohort study of 204 countries and territories (1990-2021).
Article in Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated Transcriptomic and DNA Methylation Analysis Reveals ITGB2-Mediated Immune Dysregulation in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Its Modulation by Rutin.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Early life adversity and polycystic ovary syndrome among North American pregnancy planners.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Article
- Integrating evidence-based lifestyle and adjunct therapies for long-term management of polycystic ovary syndrome: mechanistic insights and clinical implications.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- Living in a chemical cocktail: real-world mixture exposures and their impact on ovarian function.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Non-Invasive and AI-Enabled Diagnostic Approaches for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A PRISMA-Guided Narrative Review.International journal of women's health · 2026Review
- Global, regional, and national burden of infertility attributable to polycystic ovary syndrome, 1990-2021: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
purposeTo characterize global temporal trends in the incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from 1990 to 2021 by applying an age-period-cohort (APC) analytical framework across 204 countries and territories, and to assess how these incidence patterns vary according to socio-demographic context.
methodsThis study analyzed PCOS incidence trends from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries using an APC analysis. Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, focusing on crude and age-standardized incidence rates, disaggregated by region and socio-demographic index (SDI).
resultsThe global incidence of PCOS increased from 1.48 million cases in 1990 to 2.3 million in 2021. The age-standardized incidence rate in 2021 was 63.26 per 100,000 population (95% CI: 45.41 to 87.28). High SDI regions recorded the highest incidence rates, with a rate of 90.13 per 100,000 (95% CI: 66.94 to 122.36). In contrast, low SDI regions had the lowest incidence rates at 36.8 per 100,000 (95% CI: 25.83 to 52.19). The APC model revealed a global net drift of 0.18 (95% CI: -0.02 to 0.37), with significant age and period effects, particularly among younger age groups.
conclusionThis APC analysis reveals marked increases in global PCOS incidence driven by adolescent age groups, mid-2000s period effects, and recent birth cohorts. Findings underscore the need for age- and cohort-targeted interventions and harmonized diagnostics to address the growing PCOS burden.
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