ArticleJournal of translational medicine2025
Mechanistic study of CTHRC1 in promoting Wilms' tumor progression by regulating M2-type tumor-associated macrophages polarization.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- SNRPC promotes chemoresistance in Wilms tumor via the NF-κB-CXCL17 axis regulating M2-Type TAMs infiltration and targeted nanotherapy research.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- CTHRC1Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Molecular clustering and prognostic features based on integrated databases predict survival and immune status in patients with gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- A dual-modality machine learning precision diagnostic model integrated radiomics and proteomics for breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study aimed to investigate the role of Collagen triple helix repeat protein 1 (CTHRC1) in Wilms' tumor (WT) progression and elucidate its molecular mechanism in promoting WT malignancy through regulation of M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) infiltration and polarization.
methodsBioinformatics analysis was conducted using public databases to examine CTHRC1 expression and immune cell infiltration in WT. Single-cell sequencing was employed to analyze expression patterns of CTHRC1 and M2-TAMs markers. CTHRC1 expression and M2-TAM infiltration were validated in WT tissues using RT-qPCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the biological functions of CTHRC1 in WT and its effects on M2-TAMs polarization. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to explore potential signaling pathways. The TNFSF9-TNFRSF9 axis was further investigated through neutralizing antibody rescue experiments and co-localization analysis. The role of M2-TAMs in promoting WT progression via the PI3K/AKt pathway was examined using xenograft models and in vitro experiments.
resultsCTHRC1 and M2-TAMs were significantly overexpressed in WT tissues and positively correlated. CTHRC1 overexpression promoted WT cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and induced M2-TAMs polarization both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome analysis revealed that CTHRC1 regulated M2-TAMs polarization through the TNFSF9-TNFRSF9 axis. CTHRC1 overexpression upregulated TNFSF9: expression and secretion in tumor cells, promoting its binding to TNFRSF9 on M2-TAMs. Neutralizing TNFSF9 or knockdown of TNFRSF9 significantly attenuated CTHRC1-induced M2-TAM infiltration and polarization. M2-TAMs promoted WT progression by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway in tumor cells. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling reversed M2-TAM-mediated WT progression.
conclusionsCTHRC1 promotes WT progression by inducing M2-TAMs polarization through the TNFSF9-TNFRSF9 axis. M2-TAMs, in turn, enhance WT malignancy by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway in tumor cells. These findings provide new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for WT diagnosis and treatment.
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